This page was created as an addition to my Hubble Research page where I sent an amateur proposal to use the Hubble Space Telescope to research Saturn's amazing moon Titan!
Saturn and its majestic beauty, its rings have always had me captivated until Voyager 1 reached the Saturn system in 1981 and would drastically change my life in 1990 when I applied to search Titan's ultraviolet spectra. When I was lecturing I made the comparison chart and now with the Cassini mission still probing the Saturn system including Titan this page has been having more activity.
Titan's similarities to Earth (past and present) are mind boggling and with the Huygen's probe that Cassini deployed into Titan it opened up more questions along with the ongoing observations.
Personally I think its more exciting than Mars. Mars's proximity is its sole advantage but NASA and the other agencies need to invest more with Titan and other vital moons of the Saturn and Jupiter systems.
Just the tabular data:
Click here for just tabular data (for printing, copy/paste)
Interview of my research and some other amateurs on motherboard.vice.com (April 24, 2015)
NASA and ESA Celebrate 10 Years Since Titan Landing Jan 14, 2015
Latest Cassini photos of Titan (processed not raw)
LATEST NEWS:
Top 10 Discoveries of Titan (ESA) |
North Pole is loaded with lakes |
Titan --Does it Hold Clues to the Origin of Life in the Solar System? |
All About Space Issue 13 features Titan |
Titan featured on Pennyfornasa website |
Titan's Methane World -- Not Built to Last? |
Titan's Methane: Going, Going, Soon to Be Gone? |
Follow news about Titan on Facebook
Table of Planetary Atmospheres
|
|
|
Diameter (km) |
5,150 (with it's clouds) |
12,756 |
Radius (km) |
2,575 |
6,378 |
Mass (kg) |
1.36 x 1023 |
5.972 x 1024 |
Mean Density (gm/cm3) |
1.881
|
5.518
|
Rotation Period days:hours:minutes:seconds |
15:23:15:31.5
|
00:23:56:45
|
Sideral (Rotation) Period (days) |
15.945 |
365 |
Mean Distance Orbiting Sun |
1,427,163,966 km |
149,597,900 km |
Astronomical Units (AU) from
Sun |
~9.538
|
1.0
|
Atmospheric Surface Pressure |
1.5 bars |
1.0 bars |
Albedo |
0.21 |
0.39 |
Escape Velocity |
2.64 km/sec |
11.18 km/sec |
Surface Temperature | 85-95 Kelvin -168 Centigrade -292 Farenheight temperature comparison
| 288-290 Kelvin 17 Centigrade 62.6 Farenheight
|
Major Constituents measured in percentage ( % ) |
N2 (Nitrogen) 82-99 % CH4 (Methane) 1-6 22Ne (Neon) Primordial ??? % *40Ar (Argon) Radiogenic ??? % *36Ar (Argon) Primordial < 1-6 % *isotope of Argon deduced indirectly click here for more on Argon on page 206 | 40 Argon | Argon (physicsforme) There is a theoretical expectation that argon is present in the atmosphere, but there has been no direct detection of this atom. However, because it is difficult to detect, argon might still be present in significant amounts (i.e. mole fractions of <10%).
| N2 (Nitrogen) 76% O2 (Oxygen) 20.9 % Ar (Argon) .934% CO2 (Carbon Dioxide) .031 % H2O (Water) 1.0 % |
Minor Constituents measured in ppm (parts per million) |
H2 (Hydrogen) 2,000ppm CO (Carbon Monoxide) 50 ppm CO2 (Carbon Dioxide) 0.01 ppm Hydrocarbons C2H2 (Acetylene) 4 ppm C2H4 (Ethylene) 1 ppm C2H6 (Ethane) 20 ppm C4H2 (Diacetylene) 0.02 ppm C3H4 (Methylacetlyene) 0.03 ppm C3H6 (Propene) ???? ppm C6H6 (Benzene) ???? ppm C3H8 (Propane) 1.0 ppm Nitriles HCN (Hydrogen Cyanide) 1.0 ppm HC3N (Cyanoacetylene) 0.003 ppm C2N2 (Cyanogen) 0.02 ppm C4N2 (Dicyanoacetylene) condensed H20 ( Water ) 4 ppb (not ppm)
|
H2 (Hydrogen) 0.5 ppm CO (Carbon Monoxide) Ne (Neon) 18.18 ppm CH4 (Methane) 1.5 ppm O3 (Ozone) N2O (Nitrous Oxide) H2O ( Water Vapor) 10-50,000 ppm He (Helium) 5.24 ppm Xe (Xenon) Kr (Krypton) 1.14 ppm NO2 (Nitrogen Dioxide) |
Other interesting characteristics:
|
NASA: SSE Home Planets > Saturn > Moons > Titan > Overview
Wikipedia: Titan
Titan Exobiology
European Space Agency page on Cassini mission
NASA JPL page on Cassini
Comparison to other moons
Titan's North Polar Hood taken by Voyager 1
This is the video about Voyager's 1 results of Saturn highlighting Titan that changed my life!!!
Toby Owen who was my inspiration who I communicated with and met at JPL talks about Hydrogen Cyanide in this video.
( at the 3 minute 27 second mark )
Radioisotopes: Energy for Space Exploration